YAG laser iridotomy is a medical procedure performed to create a small hole in the iris (the colored part of the eye) using a YAG laser. This procedure is commonly done to treat and prevent certain eye conditions, particularly those related to increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and narrow or closed-angle glaucoma. Here are key points about YAG laser iridotomy:

Indications:

• YAG laser iridotomy is primarily indicated for the treatment of angle-closure glaucoma and certain cases of narrow-angle glaucoma.
• It is done to create a hole in the iris, allowing for better drainage of the aqueous humor (fluid) within the eye.

Mechanism of Action:

• The laser creates a small opening in the peripheral iris, enabling the aqueous humor to flow more freely between the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye.
• This helps to equalize pressure within the eye and reduce the risk of angle closure.

Procedure:

• YAG laser iridotomy is typically performed in an office-based setting.
• Before the procedure, the eye is usually numbed with topical anesthetic eye drops.
• The patient is seated at a laser system, and the laser is directed into the eye to create a small hole in the iris.

Duration and Recovery:

• The procedure is relatively quick, often taking only a few minutes.
• Recovery is typically rapid, and most patients can resume normal activities shortly after the procedure.

Postoperative Care:

• After YAG laser iridotomy, patients may be prescribed topical medications to reduce inflammation and prevent infection.
• It's important for patients to attend follow-up appointments to monitor the effectiveness of the procedure and assess intraocular pressure.

Risks and Complications:

• YAG laser iridotomy is generally considered safe, but like any medical procedure, it carries some risks.
• Potential complications may include temporary increases in intraocular pressure, inflammation, or changes in vision.
• Serious complications are rare but can include bleeding, damage to other structures in the eye, or a re-closure of the opening.

Visual Outcomes:

• YAG laser iridotomy is often successful in preventing and treating angle-closure glaucoma, which can be sight-threatening if not addressed.
• Visual outcomes are generally good, and many patients experience relief from symptoms such as eye pain and halos around lights.

YAG laser iridotomy is a valuable and commonly performed procedure in the field of ophthalmology. It is effective in preventing and managing certain types of glaucoma associated with angle closure. If you or someone you know is scheduled for YAG laser iridotomy or has questions about the procedure, it's essential to discuss any concerns with the treating ophthalmologist, who can provide personalized information and guidance.